uwsgi配置发布web服务器

发表于 更新于 分类于 ， ， Changyan： 本文字数： 5.3k 阅读时长 ≈ 19 分钟

通常我们本地开发环境使用运行python脚本用的是wsgi，pycharm更是跟我们内置好了；而生产环境下我们所需要的环境通常是：nginx+uwsgi+virturlenvwrapper，本文简单说下此环境下的配置。

WSGI是Web服务器网关接口。它是一个规范，描述了Web服务器如何与Web应用程序通信，以及Web应用程序如何链接在一起以处理一个请求，（接收请求，处理请求，响应请求）

Django部署

Django的主要部署平台是 WSGI，这是用于Web服务器和应用程序的Python标准。

Django的 startproject管理命令设置一个简单的默认WSGI配置，可以根据需要为您的项目进行调整，并指示任何符合WSGI的应用程序服务器使用。

application
使用WSGI部署的关键概念是应用程序服务器用于与代码通信的 application 可调用。它通常在服务器可访问的Python模块中作为名为 application 的对象提供。

startproject 命令创建包含这样的 application 可调用的文件 <project_name>/wsgi.py. ，它被Django的开发服务器和生产WSGI部署使用。
WSGI服务器从其配置中获取 application 可调用的路径。 Django的内置服务器，即 runserver 命令，从 WSGI_APPLICATION 设置读取它。

以下直接示例演示：

环境准备

Nginx

安装参考：nginx安装及配置多域名初体验

virtualenvwraper

安装参考：virtualenvwraper安装与使用

python3

安装参考：python3安装

uswgi

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# 进入虚拟环境
root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# workon django2

#查看python是否是3.0且指向虚拟环境
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# python -V
Python 3.6.5
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# which python
/opt/pyenv/django2/bin/python

# 查看pip指向
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# pip -V
pip 19.2.2 from /opt/pyenv/django2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

# 安装uswgi
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# pip install uwsgi

# 检查uwsgi和uwsgi python版本
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# uwsgi --version
2.0.18
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww# uwsgi --python-version
3.6.5

uwsgi测试单文件

创建test.py
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def application(env, start_response):
    start_response('200 ok', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
    return [b'hello world']
运行该文件：
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# uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
# http :8001: 使用http协议，端口8001
# wsgi-file test.py: 加载指定的文件，test.py

(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Mon Aug 19 18:01:50 2019] ***
compiled with version: 7.3.0 on 19 August 2019 06:30:34
os: Linux-4.15.0-29deepin-generic #31 SMP Fri Jul 27 07:12:08 UTC 2018
nodename: Tony-PC
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 8
current working directory: /opt/pywww/mysite
detected binary path: /opt/pyenv/django2/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager ***
your processes number limit is 31152
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uWSGI http bound on :8000 fd 4
spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 14213)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:42333 (port auto-assigned) fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.6.5 (default, May 11 2018, 13:30:17)  [GCC 7.3.0]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x5629304088e0
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 72920 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x5629304088e0 pid: 14212 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (and the only) (pid: 14212, cores: 1)

浏览器访问

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# 控制台显示访问信息：
[pid: 4864|app: 0|req: 1/1] 10.10.10.238 () {38 vars in 742 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 09:17:23 2019] GET / => generated 11 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200
) 1 headers in 44 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 4864|app: 0|req: 2/2] 10.10.10.238 () {38 vars in 691 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 09:17:23 2019] GET /favicon.ico => generated 11 bytes in 0 msecs (H
TTP/1.1 200) 1 headers in 44 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

uwsgi测试django程序

代码准备
mysite/urls.py
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from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from blog import views
def hello(request):
    return HttpResponse('你好,中国')
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('hello', hello),
    path('play', views.play)
]
blog/views.py
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from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse

def play(request):
    return render(request, 'play.html')
templates/play.html
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<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf8" />
		<title>测试网页test</title>
		<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css.css" />
	</head>
	<body>
		<h1>我们是中国chinese</h1>
	</body>
static/css.css
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h1{color:green}
运行程序
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# uwsgi --http :8003 --module mysite.wsgi --py-autoreload=1
# http :8003: 使用http协议，端口8003
# --module mysite.wsgi: 加载指定的wsgi模块
# --py-autoreload=1： 热加载
# 此时修改django代码，uWSGI会自动加载django程序，页面生效

(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# uwsgi --http :8003 --module mysite.wsgi --py-autoreload=1

*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Tue Aug 20 09:33:03 2019] ***
compiled with version: 7.3.0 on 19 August 2019 06:30:34
os: Linux-4.15.0-29deepin-generic #31 SMP Fri Jul 27 07:12:08 UTC 2018
nodename: Tony-PC
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 8
current working directory: /opt/pywww/mysite
detected binary path: /opt/pyenv/django2/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your processes number limit is 31152
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uWSGI http bound on :8003 fd 4
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:35147 (port auto-assigned) fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.6.5 (default, May 11 2018, 13:30:17)  [GCC 7.3.0]
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x555e54571920
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145840 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x555e54571920 pid: 5586 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 5586)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 5588, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 5589)
Python auto-reloader enabled

访问程序

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# 控制台显示访问信息：
[pid: 5588|app: 0|req: 1/1] 10.10.10.238 () {38 vars in 752 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 01:40:32 2019] GET /hello => generated 13 bytes in 4 msecs (HTTP/1.
1 200) 3 headers in 108 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

socket测试django

配置nginx
etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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server{
	listen 80;
	server_name test.to;
	location / {
        # nginx自带ngx_http_uwsgi_module模块，起到nginx和uwsgi交互作用
        # include  就是一个“引入的作用”，就是将外部一个文件的参数，导入到当前的nginx.conf中生效
		include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
        # 这里是nginx将请求转发给  uwsgi启动的 8002端口
		uwsgi_pass 0.0.0.0:8002;
	}
}
本地windows修改hosts
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10.10.10.125 test.to
运行程序
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# uwsgi --socket :8002 --module mysite.wsgi --py-autoreload=1
# socket :8002: 使用socket，8002
# --module mysite.wsgi: 加载指定的wsgi模块
# --py-autoreload=1： 热加载
# 此时修改django代码，uWSGI会自动加载django程序，页面生效
# socket指的是，uwsgi启动一个socket连接，当你使用nginx+uwsgi的时候，使用socket参数

(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# uwsgi --socket :8002 --module mysite.wsgi --py-autoreload=1

*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Tue Aug 20 09:53:32 2019] ***
compiled with version: 7.3.0 on 19 August 2019 06:30:34
os: Linux-4.15.0-29deepin-generic #31 SMP Fri Jul 27 07:12:08 UTC 2018
nodename: Tony-PC
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 8
current working directory: /opt/pywww/mysite
detected binary path: /opt/pyenv/django2/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your processes number limit is 31152
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address :8002 fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.6.5 (default, May 11 2018, 13:30:17)  [GCC 7.3.0]
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x55fd342b62f0
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145840 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x55fd342b62f0 pid: 6695 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 6695)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 6697, cores: 1)
Python auto-reloader enabled
访问程序

可能此时你还没意识到有什么问题，此时我们访问admin试一下

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# 控制台用户访问信息
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 1/1] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 739 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 01:59:59 2019] GET /play => generated 202 bytes in 9 msecs (HTTP/1.
1 200) 3 headers in 109 bytes (1 switches on core 0)Not Found: /static/css.css
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 2/2] 10.10.10.238 () {40 vars in 628 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 01:59:59 2019] GET /static/css.css => generated 2183 bytes in 2 mse
cs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 3/3] 10.10.10.238 () {40 vars in 710 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /admin => generated 0 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1
 301) 3 headers in 112 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
 [pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 4/4] 10.10.10.238 () {40 vars in 712 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /admin/ => generated 0 bytes in 6 msecs (HTTP/1.
1 302) 7 headers in 265 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 5/5] 10.10.10.238 () {40 vars in 749 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /admin/login/?next=/admin/ => generated 1819 byt
es in 21 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 7 headers in 395 bytes (1 switches on core 0)Not Found: /static/admin/css/base.css
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 6/6] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 760 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /static/admin/css/base.css => generated 2216 byt
es in 2 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)Not Found: /static/admin/css/login.css
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 7/7] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 762 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /static/admin/css/login.css => generated 2219 by
tes in 1 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)Not Found: /static/admin/css/responsive.css
[pid: 6697|app: 0|req: 8/8] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 772 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 02:00:43 2019] GET /static/admin/css/responsive.css => generated 22
34 bytes in 1 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

可以看到我们加载的静态资源css等都没有正常显示出来，控制台也都显示静态资源404，后面我们来解决这个问题

uwsgi使用配置文件测试django程序

上面程序运行时每次都要用长命令，这里我们尝试使用配置文件来运行django程序，并解决上面静态资源404的问题。

uwsgi配置文件

uwsgi支持ini、xml等多种配置方式，本文以 ini 为例， 在/opt/pyuwsgi/目录下新建mysite_uwsgi.ini，添加如下配置：

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# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# 指定项目的绝对路径的第一层路径
chdir           = /opt/pywww/mysite
#  指定项目的 wsgi.py文件！！！！！！！！！！！！
#  写入相对路径即可，这个参数是以  chdir参数为相对路径
# module与wsgi-file填写一个即可，都代表找到wsgi文件，写法不同
module          = mysite.wsgi
#wsgi文件路径，在项目底下
#wsgi-file		= mysite/wsgi.py
# 写入虚拟环境解释器的 绝对路径！！！！！！
# 可使用cdvirtualenv进入虚拟环境目录，然后使用pwd查看当前目录
home            = /opt/pyenv/django2
# 允许主线程存在（true）
master          = true
# 指定uwsgi启动的进程个数(可根据电脑核心数调整)
processes       = 4
# 指定uwsgi启动的线程个数
threads 		= 2
#socket指的是，uwsgi启动一个socket连接，当你使用nginx+uwsgi的时候，使用socket参数
socket          = 0.0.0.0:8002
#不用nginx直接当做web服务器使用
#http=0.0.0.0:9000
#socket权限设置
# chmod-socket    = 664
# 当服务器退出的时候自动清理环境，删除unix socket文件和pid文件
# vacuum          = true

配置nginx
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# 定义名为uwsgipool的负载均衡池，池中写入uwsgi发布django的socket地址
upstream uwsgipool {
    server 0.0.0.0:8005;
}

server{
	listen 80;
	server_name test.to;
	location / {
        # nginx自带ngx_http_uwsgi_module模块，起到nginx和uwsgi交互作用
        # include  就是一个“引入的作用”，就是将外部一个文件的参数，导入到当前的nginx.conf中生效
		include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
        # 这里是nginx将请求转发给  uwsgi启动的 8002端口
		# uwsgi_pass 0.0.0.0:8005;
        # 转发至名为uwsgipool的负载均衡池
        uwsgi_pass uwsgipool;
	}
}
运行程序
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# 使用mysite_uwsgi.ini的ini配置文件来启动uwsgi
(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pyuwsgi# uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini 

[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Tue Aug 20 11:22:59 2019] ***
compiled with version: 7.3.0 on 19 August 2019 06:30:34
os: Linux-4.15.0-29deepin-generic #31 SMP Fri Jul 27 07:12:08 UTC 2018
nodename: Tony-PC
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 8
current working directory: /opt/pyuwsgi
detected binary path: /opt/pyenv/django2/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
chdir() to /opt/pywww/mysite
your processes number limit is 31152
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:8005 fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.6.5 (default, May 11 2018, 13:30:17)  [GCC 7.3.0]
Set PythonHome to /opt/pyenv/django2
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x5601391f2b50
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 364600 bytes (356 KB) for 4 cores
*** Operational MODE: preforking ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x5601391f2b50 pid: 9744 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 9744)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 9746, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI worker 2 (pid: 9747, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI worker 3 (pid: 9748, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI worker 4 (pid: 9749, cores: 1)

查看进程，开启的四个进程正常运行，另外有一个主进程，共5个

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root@Tony-PC:/opt# ps -ef | grep uwsgi
root      9744  4738  3 11:22 pts/1    00:00:00 uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
root      9746  9744  0 11:22 pts/1    00:00:00 uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
root      9747  9744  0 11:22 pts/1    00:00:00 uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
root      9748  9744  0 11:22 pts/1    00:00:00 uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
root      9749  9744  0 11:22 pts/1    00:00:00 uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
root      9751  4563  0 11:23 pts/0    00:00:00 grep uwsgi
root@Tony-PC:/opt# netstat -tunlp | grep uwsgi
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8005            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9744/uwsgi
访问程序
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[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 1/1] 10.10.10.238 () {44 vars in 869 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:27 2019] GET /admin/login/?next=/admin/ => generated 1819 bytes in 36 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 7 headers in 395 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
Not Found: /static/admin/css/base.css
[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 2/2] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 760 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:27 2019] GET /static/admin/css/base.css => generated 2216 bytes in 2 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
Not Found: /static/admin/css/login.css
[pid: 9749|app: 0|req: 1/3] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 762 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:27 2019] GET /static/admin/css/login.css => generated 2219 bytes in 7 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
Not Found: /static/admin/css/responsive.css
[pid: 9747|app: 0|req: 1/4] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 772 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:27 2019] GET /static/admin/css/responsive.css => generated 2234 bytes in 7 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 3/5] 10.10.10.238 () {44 vars in 821 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:46 2019] GET /play => generated 202 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 3 headers in 109 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
Not Found: /static/css.css
[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 4/6] 10.10.10.238 () {44 vars in 741 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 03:23:46 2019] GET /static/css.css => generated 2183 bytes in 1 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 3 headers in 102 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

发现静态资源依然是404

解决静态文件404
mysite/settings.py
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# 静态文件目录的绝对地址
STATIC_ROOT = '/opt/pywww/mysite/static'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS=[
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
]
nginx.conf
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# 定义名为uwsgipool的负载均衡池，池中写入uwsgi发布django的socket地址
upstream uwsgipool {
    server 0.0.0.0:8005;
}

server{
	listen 80;
	server_name test.to;
	location / {
		 # nginx自带ngx_http_uwsgi_module模块，起到nginx和uwsgi交互作用
        # include  就是一个“引入的作用”，就是将外部一个文件的参数，导入到当前的nginx.conf中生效
		include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
        # 这里是nginx将请求转发给  uwsgi启动的 8002端口
		# uwsgi_pass 0.0.0.0:8005;
        # 转发至名为uwsgipool的负载均衡池
        uwsgi_pass uwsgipool;
	}
	# 配置静态资源目录，与settings.py路径一致
	location /static {
		alias /opt/pywww/mysite/static;
	}
}
收集django静态资源

重启nginx，使用python3 manage.py collectstatic收集静态资源

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(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# python manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings:

    /opt/pywww/mysite/static

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes

119 static files copied to '/opt/pywww/mysite/static', 1 unmodified.

119个文件已拷贝至目标目录

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(django2) root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# tree static
static
├── admin
│   ├── css
│   │   ├── autocomplete.css
│   │   ├── base.css
│   │   ├── changelists.css
│   │   ├── dashboard.css
│   │   ├── fonts.css
│   │   ├── forms.css
│   │   ├── login.css
│   │   ├── responsive.css
│   │   ├── responsive_rtl.css
│   │   ├── rtl.css
│   │   ├── vendor
│   │   │   └── select2
│   │   │       ├── LICENSE-SELECT2.md
│   │   │       ├── select2.css
│   │   │       └── select2.min.css
│   │   └── widgets.css
│   ├── fonts
│   │   ├── LICENSE.txt
│   │   ├── README.txt
│   │   ├── Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff
│   │   ├── Roboto-Light-webfont.woff
│   │   └── Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff
│   ├── img
│   │   ├── calendar-icons.svg
│   │   ├── gis
│   │   │   ├── move_vertex_off.svg
│   │   │   └── move_vertex_on.svg
│   │   ├── icon-addlink.svg
│   │   ├── icon-alert.svg
│   │   ├── icon-calendar.svg
│   │   ├── icon-changelink.svg
│   │   ├── icon-clock.svg
│   │   ├── icon-deletelink.svg
│   │   ├── icon-no.svg
│   │   ├── icon-unknown-alt.svg
│   │   ├── icon-unknown.svg
│   │   ├── icon-viewlink.svg
│   │   ├── icon-yes.svg
│   │   ├── inline-delete.svg
│   │   ├── LICENSE
│   │   ├── README.txt
│   │   ├── search.svg
│   │   ├── selector-icons.svg
│   │   ├── sorting-icons.svg
│   │   ├── tooltag-add.svg
│   │   └── tooltag-arrowright.svg
│   └── js
│       ├── actions.js
│       ├── actions.min.js
│       ├── admin
│       │   ├── DateTimeShortcuts.js
│       │   └── RelatedObjectLookups.js
│       ├── autocomplete.js
│       ├── calendar.js
│       ├── cancel.js
│       ├── change_form.js
│       ├── collapse.js
│       ├── collapse.min.js
│       ├── core.js
│       ├── inlines.js
│       ├── inlines.min.js
│       ├── jquery.init.js
│       ├── popup_response.js
│       ├── prepopulate_init.js
│       ├── prepopulate.js
│       ├── prepopulate.min.js
│       ├── SelectBox.js
│       ├── SelectFilter2.js
│       ├── timeparse.js
│       ├── urlify.js
│       └── vendor
│           ├── jquery
│           │   ├── jquery.js
│           │   ├── jquery.min.js
│           │   └── LICENSE.txt
│           ├── select2
│           │   ├── i18n
│           │   │   ├── ar.js
│           │   │   ├── az.js
│           │   │   ├── bg.js
│           │   │   ├── ca.js
│           │   │   ├── cs.js
│           │   │   ├── da.js
│           │   │   ├── de.js
│           │   │   ├── el.js
│           │   │   ├── en.js
│           │   │   ├── es.js
│           │   │   ├── et.js
│           │   │   ├── eu.js
│           │   │   ├── fa.js
│           │   │   ├── fi.js
│           │   │   ├── fr.js
│           │   │   ├── gl.js
│           │   │   ├── he.js
│           │   │   ├── hi.js
│           │   │   ├── hr.js
│           │   │   ├── hu.js
│           │   │   ├── id.js
│           │   │   ├── is.js
│           │   │   ├── it.js
│           │   │   ├── ja.js
│           │   │   ├── km.js
│           │   │   ├── ko.js
│           │   │   ├── lt.js
│           │   │   ├── lv.js
│           │   │   ├── mk.js
│           │   │   ├── ms.js
│           │   │   ├── nb.js
│           │   │   ├── nl.js
│           │   │   ├── pl.js
│           │   │   ├── pt-BR.js
│           │   │   ├── pt.js
│           │   │   ├── ro.js
│           │   │   ├── ru.js
│           │   │   ├── sk.js
│           │   │   ├── sr-Cyrl.js
│           │   │   ├── sr.js
│           │   │   ├── sv.js
│           │   │   ├── th.js
│           │   │   ├── tr.js
│           │   │   ├── uk.js
│           │   │   ├── vi.js
│           │   │   ├── zh-CN.js
│           │   │   └── zh-TW.js
│           │   ├── LICENSE.md
│           │   ├── select2.full.js
│           │   └── select2.full.min.js
│           └── xregexp
│               ├── LICENSE.txt
│               ├── xregexp.js
│               └── xregexp.min.js
└── css.css

14 directories, 120 files
再次访问程序

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# 资源正常加载
[pid: 9747|app: 0|req: 2/8] 10.10.10.238 () {44 vars in 828 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 04:13:08 2019] GET /play => generated 202 bytes in 5 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 3 headers in 109 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 5/9] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 801 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 04:13:12 2019] GET /admin/ => generated 0 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 302) 7 headers in 265 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 9748|app: 0|req: 6/10] 10.10.10.238 () {42 vars in 838 bytes} [Tue Aug 20 04:13:12 2019] GET /admin/login/?next=/admin/ => generated 1819 bytes in 7 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 7 headers in 395 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

uwsgi常用命令

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#uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini             # 启动
#uwsgi --reload uwsgi.pid          # 重启
#uwsgi --stop uwsgi.pid            # 关闭

更多uwsgi配置参考手册https://uwsgi-docs-cn.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/WSGIquickstart.html

supervisor

supervisor 是基于 python 的任务管理工具，用来自动运行各种后台任务，当然你也能直接利用 nohup 命令使任务自动后台运行，但如果要重启任务，每次都自己手动 kill 掉任务进程，这样很繁琐，而且一旦程序错误导致进程退出的话，系统也无法自动重载任务。

安装supervisor

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root@Tony-PC:/opt/pywww/mysite# pip3 install supervisor

生成supervisor配置文件

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root@Tony-PC:/opt/pysupervisor# echo_supervisord_conf > /opt/pysupervisor/supervisord.conf

/opt/pysupervisor/supervisord.conf参数说明

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supervisord.conf配置文件参数解释
[program:xx]是被管理的进程配置参数，xx是进程的名称
[program:xx]
command=/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.35/bin/catalina.sh run  ; 程序启动命令
autostart=true       ; 在supervisord启动的时候也自动启动
startsecs=10         ; 启动10秒后没有异常退出，就表示进程正常启动了，默认为1秒
autorestart=true     ; 程序退出后自动重启,可选值：[unexpected,true,false]，默认为unexpected，表示进程意外杀死后才重启
startretries=3       ; 启动失败自动重试次数，默认是3
user=tomcat          ; 用哪个用户启动进程，默认是root
priority=999         ; 进程启动优先级，默认999，值小的优先启动
redirect_stderr=true ; 把stderr重定向到stdout，默认false
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=20MB  ; stdout 日志文件大小，默认50MB
stdout_logfile_backups = 20   ; stdout 日志文件备份数，默认是10
; stdout 日志文件，需要注意当指定目录不存在时无法正常启动，所以需要手动创建目录（supervisord 会自动创建日志文件）
stdout_logfile=/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.35/logs/catalina.out
stopasgroup=false     ;默认为false,进程被杀死时，是否向这个进程组发送stop信号，包括子进程
killasgroup=false     ;默认为false，向进程组发送kill信号，包括子进程

写入配置

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[program:mysupervisord]
command = /opt/pyenv/django2/bin/uwsgi --ini /opt/pyuwsgi/mysite_uwsgi.ini

启动supervisor

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supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf #启动supervisor

supervisorctl -c /etxc/supervisord.conf restart my  #重启my项目
supervisorctl -c /etc/supervisord.conf [start|stop|restart] [program-name|all]

supervisor其他命令

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supervisorctl
进入更新新的配置到supervisord交互命令行

二、更新新的配置到supervisord    

supervisorctl update
三、重新启动配置中的所有程序

supervisorctl reload
四、启动某个进程(program_name=你配置中写的程序名称)

supervisorctl start program_name
五、查看正在守候的进程

supervisorctl
六、停止某一进程 (program_name=你配置中写的程序名称)

pervisorctl stop program_name
七、重启某一进程 (program_name=你配置中写的程序名称)

supervisorctl restart program_name
八、停止全部进程

supervisorctl stop all
注意：显示用stop停止掉的进程，用reload或者update都不会自动重启。

supervisor报错

大致报错信息：error: , [Errno 113] No route to host: file: /usr/lib64/python2.7/socket.py line: 571

这个报错的原因是supervisorctl没有找到自己的运行配置文件

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# supervisorctl -h

supervisorctl -- control applications run by supervisord from the cmd line.

Usage: /usr/bin/supervisorctl [options] [action [arguments]]

Options:
-c/--configuration -- configuration file path (default /etc/supervisord.conf)
-h/--help -- print usage message and exit
-i/--interactive -- start an interactive shell after executing commands
-s/--serverurl URL -- URL on which supervisord server is listening
     (default "http://localhost:9001").
-u/--username -- username to use for authentication with server
-p/--password -- password to use for authentication with server
-r/--history-file -- keep a readline history (if readline is available)

action [arguments] -- see below

Actions are commands like "tail" or "stop".  If -i is specified or no action is
specified on the command line, a "shell" interpreting actions typed
interactively is started.  Use the action "help" to find out about available
actions.

通过上面 default /etc/supervisord.conf 得知 supervisorctl 默认使用的配置文件地址，而 supervisor 进程使用的配置文件地址是： /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf。

解决方法

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ln -s /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf /etc/supervisord.conf

访问测试

正常